Pregnancy is an exciting and transformative time, but it’s also a period when your body goes through incredible changes – including your mouth. Many people are surprised to learn how pregnancy can affect oral health, but looking after your teeth and gums during these months is essential for your well-being and your baby’s too.
How Pregnancy Affects Your Gums and Teeth
Hormonal shifts in pregnancy, especially higher levels of progesterone and estrogen, can make your gums more sensitive to plaque (the sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth). This can lead to a condition known as pregnancy gingivitis, which affects up to 70% of pregnant people. Symptoms include red, swollen, tender gums that may bleed when you brush or floss.
Some may also develop pregnancy epulis (or a pregnancy tumour) – a small, benign growth on the gum that usually goes away after birth. While these changes might sound alarming, they are manageable with good oral hygiene and regular dental care.
Morning sickness can add another challenge. Stomach acid from frequent vomiting can weaken tooth enamel, increasing the risk of decay. It’s important to rinse your mouth with water or a fluoride mouthwash after vomiting rather than brushing immediately, as brushing too soon can wear away softened enamel.
Why Oral Health Matters for Your Baby Too
Emerging research suggests a link between poor oral health during pregnancy and complications such as preterm birth or low birth weight. Though the exact connection isn’t fully understood, gum disease (periodontitis) may cause inflammation in the body that impacts pregnancy. Keeping your gums healthy isn’t just good for you – it’s a step towards protecting your baby as well.
Dental Care Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy Smile
- Brush and floss regularly – Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and floss once a day to remove plaque.
- See your dentist early – Let your dentist know you’re pregnant. Routine check-ups and cleanings are safe during pregnancy, and the second trimester is often the most comfortable time for dental work.
- Eat tooth-friendly foods – Calcium-rich foods (like dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified plant milks) help strengthen teeth, while vitamin C supports gum health.
- Stay hydrated – Dry mouth can increase the risk of decay, so drink plenty of water and chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva.
- Be gentle after morning sickness – Rinse with a teaspoon of baking soda in water to neutralise acid, then brush after about 30 minutes.
When to Seek Help
Contact your dentist if you notice persistent gum bleeding, swelling, pain, or loose teeth. If you experience severe pregnancy sickness such as Hyperemisis Gravidarum it is important to notify your dentist. Early treatment can prevent small problems from becoming more serious.
A Healthy Smile for You and Baby
Pregnancy is a time to prioritise self-care, and that includes your mouth. By keeping up with good oral hygiene and seeing your dentist, you’ll reduce discomfort now and set yourself up for a healthy postpartum recovery too. Your smile deserves as much care as the rest of you during this special journey.
