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Preparing for a Caesarean Birth: What to Expect

Written by Amina Hatia RM
Medically reviewed by Marley Henry BA RM Diphe

Whether you’re planning a caesarean section (C-section) or it becomes a decision during labour, understanding what to expect can help ease anxiety and give you a sense of control. Around 1 in 4 births in the UK are by C-section – and they can be just as positive and empowering as any other kind of birth.
So what are the different types of Caesarean Birth? The operation is the same but the difference is in when and how the surgery takes place:
Planned (elective): Scheduled ahead of time, often for medical reasons such as breech position, placenta praevia, or previous complex births.
Unplanned (emergency): Decided during labour if complications arise, such as concerns about baby’s heart rate or stalled labour.
Crash: When baby needs to be born as soon as possible and no longer than 30 minutes from when the decision is made.
In a planned caesarean, you’ll usually attend an appointment (often referred to as a Pre-Op) to check your health, take bloods and swabs and be given advice on preparing for the operation.  You may also meet an anaesthetist who will explain more about the process to you and go through consent forms. 
Most caesareans are done under regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural), which means you’re awake and can meet your baby immediately. You’ll have a screen placed across your chest, but your partner can usually be beside you throughout.
During the procedure a small incision is made across your lower tummy – just above your bikini line. The birth itself is often quick – within 10 minutes – although closing the incision takes a little longer. You may feel pressure or pulling but no pain.
Recovering from a C-section can take longer than from a vaginal birth. You should expect:
A hospital stay of around 1–2 days
Tiredness and soreness – keep pain relief regular and accept help
A healing scar – keep it clean and dry and watch for signs of infection
No heavy lifting or driving for about 6-8 weeks (check with your insurer and GP)
Midwives and physiotherapists will help you move around, manage discomfort and advise on pelvic floor recovery.
We have a range of antenatal class that cover all birth options – not just vaginal deliveries. Understanding what happens in a C-section, what choices you still have (like delayed cord clamping or music in theatre), and how to plan for recovery can be hugely reassuring. Our pre-recorded classes also help your birth partner understand their role in theatre and afterwards, helping you both feel involved and informed.
Caesarean births are sometimes planned, sometimes unexpected – but always important. Knowing what to expect, and preparing through antenatal education, helps you approach birth feeling calm and empowered.